ABSTRACT
Objective To report operative course and relative complications in a group of patients who underwent Excessive Pressure Regulation System (Ex-PRESS) glaucoma shunt implantation in the real world,and discuss the ralated factors and possible interventions in clinical practice.Methods Preferred Ex-PRESS glaucoma shunt implantation were performed on 11 eyes with deverse types of glaucoma.Operative course and relative complications were analyzed from recorded tapes and documents.The correlations between complications,types of glaucoma,and previous procedures were analyzed,the complications were appropriately managed.Results 11 patients with diverse types of glaucoma who underwent Ex-PRESS glaucoma shunt implantation were recruited for the study.Among them,2 patients had combined phacoemulcification surgery,1 patient had repeat shunt implantation.During the procedure,1 patient had dislocated shunt into anterior chamber;1 patient had shunt entirely inserted into anterior chamber with plunger.4 patients had hypotony and flat anterior chamber,2 of them had hyphema,2 experienced subchoroid detachment.1 patient had intraocular lens pupil clamping after combined cataract and glaucoma surgery;4 cases had flat filtering blebs and uncontrolled intraocular pressure during the follow-up period,2 of them had blocked drainage and proliferative anterior synechia around the head,which was found in the patients with primary angle-closure glaucoma who had previous operation history.The common long-term complication was external ostium occlusion (4/11).The complications of drainage are related to the type of glaucoma and the history of operation.Conclusions Other than the complications which present commonly in trabeculectomy procedure,there were some complications related to the Ex-PRESS glaucoma shunt.History of ocular surgery,surgical techniques and the type of disease were associated with the incidence of complications.
ABSTRACT
Objective The generate of posterior capsular opacification(PCO)is associated with the adhensive and migration of residual subcapsular lens epithelial cells(LECs).Titanium dioxide(TiO_2)nanometer is proved to have the ability of killing tumor cells and cultured bovine LECs.This study tried to observe the effects of TiO_2 nanometer thin film provoked by light on adhesiveness and migration of bovine LECs in vitro.MethodsThe fresh bovine lenses were obtained and cultured in DMEM containing 10% of newborn bovine serum.The second to fifth generation of cells were used in this experiment.The slide modified by TiO_2 photocatalyst film was prepared by sol-gel method.Cultured cells were seeded in filmed or unfilmed slides respectively and exposed to ultraviolet(wavelength 365 nm)for 20 or 40 minutes.The contact angle between water drop and slide was measured by droping method and the cells adhered to slides were calculated after 24 and 48 hours of culture.The growth status and migration distance of bovine LECs were assayed and compared between filmed and unfilmed groups.ResultsThe contact angle between water drop and slide was 0°±2°and 18.825°±2.342° in filmed and unfilmed group respectively,indicating a obviously smaller contact angle in TiO_2 filmed group than unfilmed one.The numbers of bovine LECs adhered to filmed slide was considerably reduced in TiO_2 filmed group compared with unfilmed group in different UVA exposure time(t_(0 min)=5.492,P=0.001;t_(20 min)=6.031,P=0.000;t_(40 min)=6.828,P=0.000).However,no significant difference was found in the numbers of adhensive cells among 3 UVA irradiation time points(F=1.278,P=0.297).The migration distance of the cells was significantly shorter in TiO_2 filmed group in comparison with unfilmed group in 24 and 48 hours after UVA irradiation(F_(group)=14.965,P=0.000;F_(time)=38.033,P=0.000).ConclusionThe TiO_2 nanometer thin film is characterized by the superhydrophilic property.So it can effectively impede the adhesion and migration of bovine LECs in vitro.